譬如故将军

《晚坐北轩望昭亭山》是宋代梅尧臣创作的一首诗词。以下是对这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

晚坐北轩望昭亭山，
In the evening, sitting in the northern pavilion, I gaze at Mount Zhaoting.
少客两京间，熟游嵩与华。
As a young traveler between the two capitals, I am familiar with the beauty of Mount Song and Mount Hua.
归来宛溪上，厌往昭亭下。
Returning home, I find solace by the Wanxi River, tired of going down to Zhaoting.
何以厌昭亭，衰迟倦驱驾。
Why am I tired of Zhaoting? I am weary of the decline and sluggishness that it represents.
况复惭咏歌，嘉辞前有谢。
Furthermore, I feel ashamed of my lackluster poetry, and I apologize for my inadequate words.
咀嚼在人口，甘美如食蔗。
The words I chew in my mouth are as sweet and enjoyable as sugarcane.
方向陶渊明，苦语近田舍。
I aspire to be like Tao Yuanming, whose bitter words resonate with the rustic life.
节行固不变，出处亦多怕。
My principles and conduct remain steadfast, but I am cautious about my reputation.
常防恶少年，豪横使出胯。
I am always on guard against unruly youths who act arrogantly.
譬如故将军，尚被亭长骂。
Even a respected general can be scolded by a lowly pavilion keeper.
不若守弊庐，读书至中夜。
It is better to stay in my humble dwelling, reading until midnight.

这首诗词表达了诗人对昭亭山的厌倦和对田园生活的向往。诗人在两京间旅行后，回到家中，觉得昭亭山已经失去了往日的魅力，衰败和倦怠感使他不再愿意前往。他感到自己的诗歌不够出色，对此感到惭愧，并向读者表示歉意。然而，他发现自己的文字在口中咀嚼时却甘美如食蔗，这可能是他对诗歌创作的一种自我安慰。诗人向往陶渊明式的田园生活，他坚守自己的原则和行为准则，但也担心自己的声誉。他常常提防那些恶意的年轻人，他们傲慢无礼。诗人通过比喻，指出即使是一位受人尊敬的将军也可能受到亭长的责骂。最后，诗人认为守在自己的庐山之中，读书至深夜是更好的选择。

这首诗词通过对景物的描写和对自身情感的表达，展现了诗人对现实世界的疲倦和对理想生活的向往。同时，诗人也表达了对社会道德和价值观的思考和警示。整体而言，这首诗词以简洁的语言传达了深刻的情感和思想，展示了梅尧臣独特的艺术风格。